Perception of ringing, buzzing, or other sounds without an external source. Affects ~15% of adults globally.
The most-studied supplement specifically for tinnitus. Improves cochlear blood flow. Cochrane review found mixed evidence, but European trials show benefit with standardized EGb 761 extract. Widely prescribed in France and Germany.
The most bioavailable form of magnesium for sleep and relaxation. Glycine itself has calming properties. US Army studies showed magnesium reduced noise-induced hearing damage. Addresses widespread deficiency — estimated 50% of Americans are magnesium deficient.
Precursor to glutathione, the body's master antioxidant. Originally a mucolytic drug, now used for liver protection (acetaminophen overdose antidote), respiratory health, and cochlear protection. One of the most versatile supplements.
Endogenous hormone regulating circadian rhythm. Specifically studied for tinnitus-related sleep disruption, with some evidence for reducing tinnitus perception itself. One of the most evidence-backed sleep supplements.
Essential for nerve function, DNA synthesis, and red blood cell formation. B12 deficiency is associated with tinnitus, hearing loss, and cognitive decline. Methylcobalamin form preferred for neurological applications.
Essential trace mineral involved in over 300 enzymatic reactions. Zinc deficiency is linked to tinnitus in multiple studies. Also critical for immune function, wound healing, and retinal health.
Acetylated form of L-carnitine that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Supports mitochondrial energy production in neurons. Evidence for neuropathy, cognitive decline, and depression.
Combination of all eight B vitamins. Supports energy metabolism, nerve function, and methylation. Often used as a baseline supplement. Quality varies significantly between brands.
The brain's primary inhibitory neurotransmitter. Oral supplementation is controversial — debate over whether it crosses the blood-brain barrier. Some evidence for stress reduction and sleep onset.
Amino acid found naturally in green tea. Promotes alpha brain wave activity associated with calm alertness. Reduces anxiety without sedation. May help tinnitus via stress/anxiety reduction pathway.
Heavily marketed specifically for tinnitus. Contains bioflavonoids and B vitamins. Despite ubiquitous advertising, clinical evidence for tinnitus relief is minimal. One small, older trial cited by the manufacturer; no independent replication.
Essential for energy production and antioxidant function. Best known for migraine prevention at high doses. Some evidence linking deficiency to hearing issues.
Conditionally essential amino acid abundant in brain, heart, and muscle. 2023 Science paper showed lifespan extension across multiple species. Supports GABA-ergic signaling and cardiovascular function.
Active form (P5P) is involved in neurotransmitter synthesis and over 100 enzyme reactions. Deficiency affects nerve function. High doses of pyridoxine (not P5P) can cause neuropathy.
There are other evidence-based interventions studied for tinnitus: